What does the term "overhead pattern" refer to in flight training?

The term "overhead pattern" refers specifically to a flight path that involves flying a rectangular pattern above the airfield in preparation for entering the landing pattern. This maneuver is commonly used in flight training, particularly at airports with busy traffic, because it allows pilots to position themselves effectively for landing while maintaining awareness of other aircraft in the vicinity.

In this pattern, the pilot typically flies upwind, crosswind, downwind, and base leg before turning onto final approach. This structured approach provides a clear and predictable path for both pilots in the overhead pattern and those on the ground. By flying above the airfield in a rectangular configuration, pilots can ensure safe spacing between themselves and other aircraft, making it an essential maneuver for managing air traffic efficiently.

The other options do not accurately describe the overhead pattern. A circular flight path around the airfield does not reflect the systematic turns and legs involved in the overhead pattern. A straight approach to landing signifies a direct descent without the transitional phases of an overhead, and a pattern used for high-speed maneuvers typically diverges from the objective of preparing for a landing approach, focusing instead on tactical training rather than standard landing operations.